Accueil / Bibliothèque du Hadith / Sunan an-Nasa'i / Livre 45: The Book of Oaths (qasamah), Retaliation and Blood Money / Hadith 4801
Sunan an-Nasa'i
Hadith 4801 — Livre 45: The Book of Oaths (qasamah), Retaliation and Blood Money
كتاب القسامة والقصاص والديات
Rapporté par 'Amr bin Shu'aib, d’après son père, d’après son grand-père : Le Messager d’Allah ﷺ a dit : « Celui qui est tué par erreur, sa compensation est de cent chameaux : trente Bint Makkah, trente Bint Labun, trente Hiqqah et dix Bin Labun. » Le Messager d’Allah ﷺ fixait la valeur de la Diyah pour un homicide involontaire chez les citadins à quatre cents dinars ou l’équivalent en argent. Quand il calculait le prix pour les gens qui possédaient des chameaux (chez les Bédouins), cela variait selon les époques. Quand les prix augmentaient, la valeur en dinars augmentait, et quand les prix baissaient, la valeur baissait aussi. À l’époque du Messager d’Allah ﷺ, la valeur était entre quatre cents et huit cents dinars, ou l’équivalent en argent, soit huit mille dirhams. Et le Messager d’Allah ﷺ a jugé que si la compensation était payée en bovins, chez ceux qui en possédaient, le montant était de deux cents vaches ; et si la compensation était payée en moutons, chez ceux qui en possédaient, la valeur était de deux mille moutons. Le Messager d’Allah ﷺ a jugé que la Diyah fait partie de l’héritage, à répartir entre les héritiers de la victime selon leurs parts, et ce qui reste revient aux ‘Asabah. Et le Messager d’Allah ﷺ a jugé que si une femme commet un meurtre, alors ses ‘Asabah, qui qu’ils soient, doivent payer la Diyah, mais ils n’héritent que de ce qui reste après les héritiers ; si une femme est tuée, alors sa Diyah est partagée entre ses héritiers, et ils peuvent tuer son meurtrier. (Hasan)
Hasan · Abu GhuddahHasan · Al-AlbaniIsnaad Hasan · Zubair Ali Zai
Sunan an-Nasa'i › Livre 45: The Book of Oaths (qasamah), Retaliation and Blood Money › Hadith 4801
Texte arabe original
أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " مَنْ قُتِلَ خَطَأً فَدِيَتُهُ مِائَةٌ مِنَ الإِبِلِ ثَلاَثُونَ بِنْتَ مَخَاضٍ وَثَلاَثُونَ بِنْتَ لَبُونٍ وَثَلاَثُونَ حِقَّةً وَعَشْرَةٌ بَنِي لَبُونٍ ذُكُورٍ " . قَالَ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يُقَوِّمُهَا عَلَى أَهْلِ الْقُرَى أَرْبَعَمِائَةَ دِينَارٍ أَوْ عِدْلَهَا مِنَ الْوَرِقِ وَيُقَوِّمُهَا عَلَى أَهْلِ الإِبِلِ إِذَا غَلَتْ رَفَعَ فِي قِيمَتِهَا وَإِذَا هَانَتْ نَقَصَ مِنْ قِيمَتِهَا عَلَى نَحْوِ الزَّمَانِ مَا كَانَ فَبَلَغَ قِيمَتُهَا عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَا بَيْنَ الأَرْبَعِمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ إِلَى ثَمَانَمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ أَوْ عِدْلَهَا مِنَ الْوَرِقِ . قَالَ وَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّ مَنْ كَانَ عَقْلُهُ فِي الْبَقَرِ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَقَرِ مِائَتَىْ بَقَرَةٍ وَمَنْ كَانَ عَقْلُهُ فِي الشَّاةِ أَلْفَىْ شَاةٍ وَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّ الْعَقْلَ مِيرَاثٌ بَيْنَ وَرَثَةِ الْقَتِيلِ عَلَى فَرَائِضِهِمْ فَمَا فَضَلَ فَلِلْعَصَبَةِ وَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنْ يَعْقِلَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ عَصَبَتُهَا مَنْ كَانُوا وَلاَ يَرِثُونَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا إِلاَّ مَا فَضَلَ عَنْ وَرَثَتِهَا وَإِنْ قُتِلَتْ فَعَقْلُهَا بَيْنَ وَرَثَتِهَا وَهُمْ يَقْتُلُونَ قَاتِلَهَا .
Traduction anglaise
It was narrated from 'Amr bin Shu'aib, from his father, from his grandfather, that the Messenger of Allah said:"Whoever is killed by mistake, his ransom is one hundred camels: Thirty Bint Makkah, thirty Bint Labun, thirty Hiqqah and ten Bin Labun. "[1] The Messenger of Allah used to fix the value (of the Diayah for accidental killing) among town-dwellers at four hundred Dinars or the equivalent value in silver. When he calculated the price in terms of people with camels (for Bedouin), it would vary from one time to another. When prices rose, the value in Dinars would rise, and when prices fell the value in Dinars would fall. At the time of the Messenger of Allah the value was between four hundred and eight hundred Dinars, or the equivalent value in silver, eight thousand Dirhams. And the Messenger of Allah ruled that if a person's blood money was paid in cattle, among those who kept cattle, the amount was two hundred cows; and if a person's blood money was paid in sheep, among this who kept sheep, the value was two thousand sheep. The Messenger of Allah ruled that the blood money is part of the estate, to be divided among the heirs of the victim according to their allotted shares, and whatever is left over is for the 'Asabah. And the Messenger of Allah ruled that if a woman commits urder then he 'Asahah, whoever they may be, must pay the blood money, but they do not inherit anything except that which is left over from her heirs; if a woman is killed then her blood money is to be shared among her heirs, and they may kill her killer. (Hasah)