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Is there forced conversion in Islam?

Short answerNo. The Quran states plainly that there is “no compulsion in religion”: faith is a conviction of the heart and is not valid if forced. Followers of other religions lived under Muslim rule for centuries while keeping their faith, and any compulsion in history or today contradicts Islam’s texts.

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The Quranic text

Quran
لَآ إِكۡرَاهَ فِي ٱلدِّينِۖ قَد تَّبَيَّنَ ٱلرُّشۡدُ مِنَ ٱلۡغَيِّۚ فَمَن يَكۡفُرۡ بِٱلطَّٰغُوتِ وَيُؤۡمِنۢ بِٱللَّهِ فَقَدِ ٱسۡتَمۡسَكَ بِٱلۡعُرۡوَةِ ٱلۡوُثۡقَىٰ لَا ٱنفِصَامَ لَهَاۗ وَٱللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ

对于宗教,绝无强迫,因为正邪确已分明了。谁不信恶魔而信安拉,谁确已把握住坚实的、绝不断折的把柄。安拉是全聪的,是全知的。

黄牛章 2:256
Quran
وَلَوۡ شَآءَ رَبُّكَ لَأٓمَنَ مَن فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ كُلُّهُمۡ جَمِيعًاۚ أَفَأَنتَ تُكۡرِهُ ٱلنَّاسَ حَتَّىٰ يَكُونُواْ مُؤۡمِنِينَ

如果你的养主意欲,大地上所有的人,必定都归信了。难道你要强迫众人都做信士吗?

Yunus 10:99
Quran
وَقُلِ ٱلۡحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكُمۡۖ فَمَن شَآءَ فَلۡيُؤۡمِن وَمَن شَآءَ فَلۡيَكۡفُرۡۚ إِنَّآ أَعۡتَدۡنَا لِلظَّٰلِمِينَ نَارًا أَحَاطَ بِهِمۡ سُرَادِقُهَاۚ وَإِن يَسۡتَغِيثُواْ يُغَاثُواْ بِمَآءٖ كَٱلۡمُهۡلِ يَشۡوِي ٱلۡوُجُوهَۚ بِئۡسَ ٱلشَّرَابُ وَسَآءَتۡ مُرۡتَفَقًا

你说:“真理是从你们的养主降示的,谁愿归信就让他信吧,谁不愿归信,就让他不信吧。”我已为不义的人,预备了烈火,那烈火的烟幕将笼罩他们。如果他们〔为干渴而〕求救,就以一种水供他们解渴,那种水像沥青那样烧灼人面,那饮料真糟糕!那归宿真恶劣!

Al-Kahf 18:29

The Prophet’s practice

The Prophet ﷺ dealt with followers of other faiths through treaties: in Madinah a charter guaranteed Jews freedom of religion, and when the Christian delegation of Najran came he honoured them and kept their religion under a covenant.

History and reality

Christian and Jewish communities remained in Egypt, the Levant, Iraq and elsewhere for centuries within Islamic civilisation. History has pages of injustice, as in any civilisation; the standard is the text, which forbids compulsion.

And for those who wish to join?

Whoever wishes to join out of conviction says the Shahada; see “How to become a Muslim?” for the steps.

常见问题

What about apostasy?

It is a detailed issue with scholarly differences; we will address it on a separate page that sets out the views in context.

原文和译文正在接受学者审阅。