Why it is followed
The Quran commands following the Messenger ﷺ and taking what he brings:
مَّآ أَفَآءَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِۦ مِنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡقُرَىٰ فَلِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ وَٱلۡيَتَٰمَىٰ وَٱلۡمَسَٰكِينِ وَٱبۡنِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ كَيۡ لَا يَكُونَ دُولَةَۢ بَيۡنَ ٱلۡأَغۡنِيَآءِ مِنكُمۡۚ وَمَآ ءَاتَىٰكُمُ ٱلرَّسُولُ فَخُذُوهُ وَمَا نَهَىٰكُمۡ عَنۡهُ فَٱنتَهُواْۚ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ شَدِيدُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ城市的居民的逆产，凡安拉收归他的使者的，都归安拉、使者、至亲、孤儿、贫民和旅客，以免那些逆产，成为在你们中富豪之间周转的东西。凡使者给你们的，你们都应当接受；凡使者禁止你们的，你们都应当戒除。你们应当敬畏安拉，安拉确是刑罚严厉的。
لَّقَدۡ كَانَ لَكُمۡ فِي رَسُولِ ٱللَّهِ أُسۡوَةٌ حَسَنَةٞ لِّمَن كَانَ يَرۡجُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَٱلۡيَوۡمَ ٱلۡأٓخِرَ وَذَكَرَ ٱللَّهَ كَثِيرٗا希望安拉和末日，并且多多记念安拉者，你们有使者可以作为你们的优良模范。
How it was preserved
- Isnad: each hadith is transmitted by a chain of narrators whose reliability and memory are examined.
- The sciences of narrator criticism and text criticism.
- The six books: Al-Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawud, At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa’i and Ibn Majah; the two Sahih collections are regarded by the majority as the soundest after the Quran.
Grades of hadith
- Sahih (sound): a connected chain of upright, accurate narrators, free of irregularity or hidden defect.
- Hasan (good): slightly lower in precision than sahih.
- Da‘if (weak): it does not meet the conditions of acceptance and no ruling is built on it.
Example: intention
إِنَّمَا الْأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَّاتِ، وَإِنَّمَا لِكُلِّ امْرِئٍ مَا نَوَىActions are but by intentions, and each person will have only what they intended.
常见问题
What is the difference between a prophetic and a qudsi hadith?
A qudsi hadith is what the Prophet ﷺ narrates from his Lord in his own wording; it is not Quran. A prophetic hadith is his own speech.
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