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Philosophy & Logic
Ibn Rushd (Averroes)
Commentator of Aristotle — 1126–1198 CE / Córdoba
Called in Europe The Commentator for the expositions that returned Aristotle to Europe after he had been lost to them, igniting the reason-versus-revelation debate in the University of Paris. He answered al-Ghazali in Tahafut al-Tahafut and formulated a methodological separation of philosophy and law that influenced European thought; in jurisprudence his Bidayat al-Mujtahid remains the reference for weighing the schools.